Post COVID-19 infection neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A case report-based systematic review

Omid Mirmosayyeb; Elham Moases Ghaffary; Sara Bagherieh; Mahdi Barzegar; Mohammad Sadegh Dehghan; Vahid Shaygannejad

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103697

Post COVID-19 infection neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A case report-based systematic review

Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Apr:60:103697. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103697. Epub 2022 Feb 19.

Authors

Omid Mirmosayyeb¹, Elham Moases Ghaffary², Sara Bagherieh², Mahdi Barzegar¹, Mohammad Sadegh Dehghan², Vahid Shaygannejad³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
² Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: shaygannejad@med.mui.ac.ir.

PMID: 35306242
DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103697

Abstract

Background: One of the rare neuroinflammatory disorders is Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) which involves the central nervous system (CNS), and develops by various etiologies. There is evident that viral infections could cause neurological disorders. In this regard, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) triggers NMOSD, based on reports. We performed this systematic review to evaluate NMOSD patients following COVID-19 infection.

Methods: We collected 345 studies from PubMed (Medline), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to 20 October 2021, and our inclusion criteria were English case reports/case series. Other types of Coronaviridae virus studies, review articles, articles written in any language other than English were excluded as well.

Results: 11 case reports were selected from 345 studies and data was extracted according to inclusion criteria. In all cases, NMOSD was reported following COVID-19 infection, and various symptoms such as blurring or loss of vision, weakness, and numbness were common, and the COVID-19 infection was confirmed by different tests such as PCR test, immunoglobulin assay and chest imaging.

Conclusion: Review regarding case reports showed that NMOSD is conceivable following COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Devic disease; NMOSD; Neuromyelitis optica Spectrum disorder; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

Case Reports
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19* / complications
Central Nervous System
Humans
Neuromyelitis Optica* / complications
SARS-CoV-2