Equine immunoglobulin fragment F(ab')2 displays high neutralizing capability against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants

Clin Immunol. 2022 Apr:237:108981. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108981. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Abstract

Neutralizing antibody-based passive immunotherapy could be an important therapeutic option against COVID-19. Herein, we demonstrate that equines hyper-immunized with chemically inactivated SARS-CoV-2 elicited high antibody titers with a strong virus-neutralizing potential, and F(ab')2 fragments purified from them displayed strong neutralization potential against five different SARS-CoV-2 variants. F(ab')2 fragments purified from the plasma of hyperimmunized horses showed high antigen-specific affinity. Experiments in rabbits suggested that the F(ab')2 displays a linear pharmacokinetics with approximate plasma half-life of 47 h. In vitro microneutralization assays using the purified F(ab')2 displayed high neutralization titers against five different variants of SARS-CoV-2 including the Delta variant, demonstrating its potential efficacy against the emerging viral variants. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that F(ab')2 generated against SARS-CoV-2 in equines have high neutralization titers and have broad target-range against the evolving variants, making passive immunotherapy a potential regimen against the existing and evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants in combating COVID-19.

Keywords: Antisera; COVID-19; F(ab’)(2); Passive immunotherapy; SARS-CoV-2; Virus neutralization.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19* / therapy
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments
  • Rabbits
  • SARS-CoV-2*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants