Urine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with SVM algorithm for rapid diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Wubulitalifu Dawuti; Xiangxiang Zheng; Hui Liu; Hui Zhao; Jingrui Dou; Li Sun; Jin Chu; Renyong Lin; Guodong Lü

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102811

Urine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with SVM algorithm for rapid diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2022 Jun:38:102811. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102811. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Authors

Wubulitalifu Dawuti¹, Xiangxiang Zheng², Hui Liu³, Hui Zhao⁴, Jingrui Dou¹, Li Sun³, Jin Chu³, Renyong Lin⁵, Guodong Lü⁶

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China; School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
² School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China.
⁴ Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China. Electronic address: renyonglin@xjmu.edu.cn.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China. Electronic address: lgd_xj@qq.com.

PMID: 35304310
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102811

Abstract

In this paper, we investigated the feasibility of using urine for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the rapid screening of patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The SERS spectra were recorded from the urine of 49 liver cirrhosis, 55 HCC, and 50 healthy volunteers using a Raman spectrometer. The normalized mean Raman spectra showed the difference of specific biomolecules associated with the illnesses, and the metabolism of specific nucleic acids and amino acids is abnormal in patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC. Based on the SVM algorithm, the urine SERS method could identify liver cirrhosis (sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 83.3%, and accuracy 85.9%) and HCC (sensitivity 85.5%, specificity 84.0%, and accuracy 84.8%). It has a higher diagnostic sensitivity for HCC than serum Alpha fetoprotein (AFP). This exploratory study showed that the urine SERS spectra combined with the SVM algorithm has indicated great potential in the noninvasive identification of liver cirrhosis and HCC.

Keywords: Alpha fetoprotein (AFP); Diagnosis; Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Liver cirrhosis; Support vector machine (SVM); Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); Urine.

MeSH terms

Algorithms
Biomarkers, Tumor
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / diagnosis
Humans
Liver Cirrhosis / diagnosis
Liver Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Photochemotherapy* / methods
Sensitivity and Specificity
Spectrum Analysis, Raman / methods
Support Vector Machine

Substances

Biomarkers, Tumor