Enhanced Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Larvicidal, and Repellence Activities of Brown Algae, Cystoseira crinita-Mediated Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Amr Fouda; Ahmed M Eid; Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman; Ehab F El-Belely; Mohamed A Awad; Saad El-Din Hassan; Zarraq E Al-Faifi; Mohammed F Hamza

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.849921

Enhanced Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Larvicidal, and Repellence Activities of Brown Algae, Cystoseira crinita-Mediated Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Feb 28:10:849921. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.849921. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Amr Fouda¹, Ahmed M Eid¹, Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman¹, Ehab F El-Belely¹, Mohamed A Awad², Saad El-Din Hassan¹, Zarraq E Al-Faifi³, Mohammed F Hamza^{4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
² Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
³ Center for Environment Research and Studies, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Heng Yang, China.
⁵ Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Herein, the metabolites secreted by brown algae, Cystoseira crinita, were used as biocatalyst for green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs). The fabricated MgO-NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Data showed successful formation of crystallographic and spherical MgO-NPs with sizes of 3-18 nm at a maximum surface plasmon resonance of 320 nm. Moreover, EDX analysis confirms the presence of Mg and O in the sample with weight percentages of 54.1% and 20.6%, respectively. Phyco-fabricated MgO-NPs showed promising activities against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans with MIC values ranging between 12.5 and 50 μg mL^-1. The IC₅₀ value of MgO-NPs against cancer cell lines (Caco-2) was 113.4 μg mL^-1, whereas it was 141.2 μg mL^-1 for normal cell lines (Vero cell). Interestingly, the green synthesized MgO-NPs exhibited significant larvicidal and pupicidal activity against Musca domestica. At 10 μg mL^-1 MgO-NPs, the highest mortality percentages were 99.0%, 95.0%, 92.2%, and 81.0% for I, II, III instars' larvae, and pupa of M. domestica, respectively, with LC₅₀ values (3.08, 3.49, and 4.46 μg mL^-1), and LC₉₀ values (7.46, 8.89, and 10.43 μg mL^-1), respectively. Also, MgO-NPs showed repellence activity for adults of M. domestica at 10 μg mL^-1 with 63.0%, 77.9%, 84.9%, and 96.8% after 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively.

Keywords: Brown algae; Cystoseira crinita; MgO-NPs; antimicrobial; green synthesis; in-vitro cytotoxicity; larvicidal; repellence activity.