Image enhancement in acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy enabled by a novel directional algorithm

Fei Feng; Siqi Liang; Sung-Liang Chen

doi:10.1364/BOE.452017

Image enhancement in acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy enabled by a novel directional algorithm

Biomed Opt Express. 2022 Jan 28;13(2):1026-1044. doi: 10.1364/BOE.452017. eCollection 2022 Feb 1.

Authors

Fei Feng^{1

2}, Siqi Liang^{1

2}, Sung-Liang Chen^{1

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
² These authors contributed equally to this work.
³ Engineering Research Center of Digital Medicine and Clinical Translation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200030, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Abstract

By considering the line pattern of acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM) vessel images, we develop modified algorithms for synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and deconvolution based on a directional approach to enhance images. The modified algorithms consist of Fourier accumulation SAFT (FA-SAFT) and directional model-based (D-MB) deconvolution. To evaluate the performance of our algorithms, we conduct a series of imaging experiments and apply our algorithms, and existing SAFT and deconvolution algorithms are also applied for side-by-side comparison. By imaging tungsten wire phantom, our algorithms enable full width at half maximum of 26 - 31 µm over depth of focus of 1.8 mm and minimum resolvable distance of 46 - 49 µm, besting existing SAFT and deconvolution algorithms. Imaging of leaf skeleton phantom and in vivo imaging of mouse blood vessels also prove that our algorithm is capable of providing high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise ratio, and good-fidelity results for complex structures and for in vivo applications, especially for the images with the line pattern. The proposed directional approach can not only be used in AR-PAM but also in other imaging modalities to deal with the line pattern, such as FA-SAFT for ultrasound imaging and D-MB deconvolution for optical coherence tomography angiography.