Antifungal Activities and Some Surface Characteristics of Denture Soft Liners Containing Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles

Mohammed M Gad; Hala A Bahgat; Mohamed F Edrees; Abdulkareem Alhumaidan; Soban Qadir Khan; Neveen M Ayad

doi:10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_286_21

Antifungal Activities and Some Surface Characteristics of Denture Soft Liners Containing Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles

J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2022 Jan 29;12(1):109-116. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_286_21. eCollection 2022 Jan-Feb.

Authors

Mohammed M Gad¹, Hala A Bahgat², Mohamed F Edrees³, Abdulkareem Alhumaidan⁴, Soban Qadir Khan⁵, Neveen M Ayad²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed at determining the influence of adding silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nano-SiO₂) to soft relining materials on C. albicans adhesion, surface roughness, and contact angle.

Materials and methods: Eighty heat-polymerized acrylic resin disks were constructed and relined by using auto-polymerized acrylic soft liners (COE-SOFT, GC Co., Tokyo, Japan). The specimens were categorized into two groups according to the tests conducted. Group A was composed of 40 specimens for evaluating antifungal activity, and Group B was composed of 40 specimens for testing surface roughness and contact angle. Each group was subcategorized into four subgroups (n = 10) according to the concentration of nano-SiO₂ added to the soft-liner powder: control, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0% by weight. The colony forming unit (CFU) was used to assess C. albicans count. A profilometer was used to measure the surface roughness values (Ra; μm). The sessile drop method was used to evaluate the contact angle (^o) by using a goniometer. Analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests (α = 0.05) were used for the data analysis.

Results: In comparison with the unmodified group, the 0.25% and the 0.5% nano-SiO₂ groups exhibited significantly lower C. albicans counts (P < 0.001), surface roughness (P < 0.001), and contact angles (P < 0.001). The exception was the 1% group, which exhibited higher C. albicans count, surface roughness, and contact angles than lower-concentration nano-SiO₂ groups; however, these values in the 1% group were still less than their respective values in the control group.

Conclusion: The addition of 0.25% and 0.5% nano-SiO₂ to an auto-polymerized acrylic soft liner decreased C. albicans adhesion, surface roughness, and contact angle.

Keywords: Candidiasis; SiO2-nanoparticles; denture liner; surface properties; wettability.