A customized adherence enhancement program for adolescents and young adults with suboptimal adherence and bipolar disorder: Trial design and methodological report

Abstract

Background: The onset of bipolar disorder (BD) is common during late adolescence and young adulthood (AYA). Suboptimal medication adherence is a critical yet modifiable risk factor for negative outcomes among AYAs with BD.

Methods: This research used an iterative process (e.g., focus groups, advisory board, cognitive interviews) to modify an existing adherence intervention to address suboptimal adherence in AYAs with BD. The modified version of Customized Adherence Enhancement for Adolescents and Young Adults (CAE-AYA) will be compared to an Enhanced Treatment as Usual condition (ETAU) in 40 AYAs intervention using a 6-month prospective, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a high-risk group of 16-21 year old AYAs with BD with demonstrated non-adherence to their prescribed BD medications.

Conclusions: This report describes the methodology and design of the ImprovinG adhereNce In adolescenTs with bipolar disordEr (IGNITE) study. If successful, the CAE-AYA approach has the potential to advance care for vulnerable youth with BD.

Keywords: Adherence; Adolescents; Behavioral intervention; Bipolar disorder.