First Identification of the Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Micromolecular Changes in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Kornelia Łach; Józef Cebulski; Radosław Chaber; Beata Kocan; Renata Wojnarowska-Nowak; Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk

doi:10.4103/jmp.jmp_57_21

First Identification of the Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Micromolecular Changes in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

J Med Phys. 2021 Oct-Dec;46(4):253-262. doi: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_57_21. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Authors

Kornelia Łach¹, Józef Cebulski², Radosław Chaber¹, Beata Kocan³, Renata Wojnarowska-Nowak⁴, Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1A, Rzeszow, Poland.
² Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, Rzeszow, Poland.
³ Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1A, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
⁴ Institute of Material Engineering, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1.
⁵ Department of Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Al. Mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, we hypothesize that exposure of adipose tissue-mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) to electromagnetic field (EMF) may impact adipose stem cells' micromolecular structure (analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [FTIR]).

Materials and methods: The AT-MSCs were exposed to continuous vertically applied sinusoidal EMF with a frequency of 50 Hz and a flux density of 1.5 mT for 24, 48, and 72 h. After an appropriate time (24, 48, 72 h) cells were washed with PBS, scrubbed, and immediately taken into FTIR analyses.

Results: EMFs affect AT-MSCs. The greatest differences were in the range of nucleic acids and proteins in the fingerprint region which occurred after 24 and 48 h of EMF exposure. However, in the case of 72 h of EMF exposure, no significant differences were noticed in the FTIR spectra towards the control.

Conclusions: FTIR spectra show differences between samples under the influence of EMF before they will be manifested at the morphological level. The largest differences in the range of nucleic acids and proteins in the fingerprint region occurred at 24 and 48 h of EMF exposure. That means it was during the first 48 h after EMF exposure a great number of dynamic changes occurred. However, in the case of AT-MSCs in 72 h EMF and 72 h control, no significant differences were noted in the FTIR spectra, which means that the chemical composition in these two cases is similar. EMF is not neutral for stem cells, especially in the in the first hours of interaction (24 h, 48 h).

Keywords: Adipose tissue-mesenchymal stem cells; electromagnetic field; fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; mesenchymal stem cell.