Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to assess community pharmacists' knowledge of the therapeutic aspects of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin. Another objective was to study the effect of different demographic factors and relevant characteristics on community pharmacists' knowledge of warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted prospectively at community pharmacies in the north of Jordan. Community pharmacists were interviewed using a validated questionnaire consisting of three sections. The first section included demographics and other relevant characteristics. The second and third sections included questions about direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin respectively.
Results: A total of 251 participants completed the questionnaire. Two-thirds of participants knew that direct oral anticoagulants are available in Jordan (67.3%). Of the pharmacists who were able to state at least one direct oral anticoagulant, 60.9% knew at least one main indication. More than half of participating pharmacists had insufficient knowledge (57.8%). Almost half of participants (48.6%) were able to state the most important monitoring parameter of warfarin, and 30.7% were able to state one medication that interacts with warfarin. More than half of participating pharmacists had insufficient knowledge (64.9%). In addition, the results showed that degree of pharmacy, years of experience, university from which pharmacy degree was obtained, and year of graduation were significantly associated with warfarin knowledge.
Conclusions: Most participating pharmacists had insufficient knowledge with regards to direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin. Doctor of Pharmacy degree were more knowledgeable with regards to warfarin compared to participants with a bachelor's degree in Pharmacy. Continuing educational programs are required to keep community pharmacists up to date with new developments in the pharmaceutical field.