Improving cell viability using counterflow centrifugal elutriation

Abstract

Background: Cell viability is an important release criterion in the manufacturing of cell therapy products. Low cell viability can have significant impact on product quality and manufacturing efficiency. Counterflow centrifugation technology has been applied to the manufacturing of cell therapy products, to enable cell separation based on size and density. This study evaluated the utility of counterflow centrifugation technology for dead cell removal to improve cell viability of the final product.

Methods: Jurkat cell cultures with low and high dead cell burden were subjected to counterflow centrifugal elutriation to determine the correlation between process parameters (e.g., flow rate, centrifugal force) and processing outcomes (i.e., cell recovery and viability). Subsequently, the optimized parameters were applied to dead cell elutriation using expanded T cells and freshly isolated human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs). The efficiency of dead cell removal, cell function and post-thaw viability were compared.

Results: Elutriation using a low flow rate allowed better control of viable cell recovery from both low and high dead cell burden cultures of Jurkat cells. The viability of T cells and hAECs was improved by counterflow centrifugal processing, from 80.67% ± 2.33 to 94.73% ± 1.19 and 79.19% ± 5.35 to 90.34% ± 3.59, respectively. Processing increased the proliferation rate of T cells, while the metabolic activity of hAECs was unchanged.

Conclusion: Counterflow centrifugal elutriation can be added as an integrated step to the automated wash-and-concentrate protocol for cell manufacturing to remove dead cells and improve cell viability of the final product.

Keywords: automation; bioprocessing; cell manufacturing; cell therapies; cell viability.