Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model association with Egyptian dentists' reporting of suspected abuse

Maha El Tantawi; Nouran Nabil; Sawsan H Mahmoud; Fatma Elhendawy

doi:10.1186/s12903-022-02094-5

Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model association with Egyptian dentists' reporting of suspected abuse

BMC Oral Health. 2022 Mar 4;22(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02094-5.

Authors

Maha El Tantawi¹, Nouran Nabil², Sawsan H Mahmoud², Fatma Elhendawy³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St., Azarita, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt. maha.tantawy@alexu.edu.eg.
² Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St., Azarita, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.
³ Department of Pediatric, Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Abstract

Background and objectives: This study assessed the frequency of reporting suspected abuse by Egyptian dentists who have examined patients with manifestations of abuse and factors associated with this reporting within the framework of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included dentists practicing in Egypt in 2019. A questionnaire collected information about personal and professional background, and whether: participants received training to manage abuse, reported suspected abuse, were aware of the presence of hotlines for reporting and agencies supporting abuse victims, and eight items assessing attitude towards reporting suspected abuse. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to assess the structure of attitude items. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between the dependent variable (reporting suspected abuse) and independent factors: receiving training (capability), attitude components (motivation), and awareness of the presence of hotlines and support agencies (opportunity).

Results: The response rate was 68.2% (821/ 1203), mean age (SD) = 29.7 (10.0) years, 43.1% had examined patients with suspected abuse last year and 4.3% reported their suspicions. PCA identified two attitude components scored out of 10: professional attitude towards reporting (mean (SD) = 6.7 (2.2)) and negative perception of workplace commitment to reporting (mean (SD) = 7.2 (2.1)). Higher odds of reporting suspected abuse were associated with better professional attitude towards reporting (AOR = 1.87, P = 0.003) and less negative perception of workplace commitment to reporting (AOR = 0.77, P = 0.04), but not with previous training (P = 0.74), awareness of the presence of victims' support agencies (P = 0.68) or a hotline (P = 0.88).

Conclusions: Only a minority of dentists reported suspected abuse. Dentists who reported their suspicions had better professional attitude towards reporting and better perception of their workplace commitment to reporting. Thus, the motivation component of the COM-B framework was significantly associated with reporting suspected abuse. The present training methods to manage abuse, and dentists' unawareness of national efforts to manage the problem do not seem to encourage reporting.

Keywords: Abuse; Behaviour; Dentists; Egypt; Hotlines; Mandatory reporting.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Attitude of Health Personnel
Child
Child Abuse*
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dentists
Egypt
Humans
Motivation*
Surveys and Questionnaires