Comprehensive analysis of phenolics compounds in citrus fruits peels by UPLC-PDA and UPLC-Q/TOF MS using a fused-core column

Vitor L Sanches; Tanize A Cunha; Juliane Viganó; Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita; Lúcia Helena Faccioli; Marcia Cristina Breitkreitz; Maurício A Rostagno

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100262

Comprehensive analysis of phenolics compounds in citrus fruits peels by UPLC-PDA and UPLC-Q/TOF MS using a fused-core column

Food Chem X. 2022 Feb 22:14:100262. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100262. eCollection 2022 Jun 30.

Authors

Vitor L Sanches¹, Tanize A Cunha², Juliane Viganó¹, Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita¹, Lúcia Helena Faccioli², Marcia Cristina Breitkreitz³, Maurício A Rostagno¹

Affiliations

¹ Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil.
² Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil.
³ Laboratory of Pharmaceutial Research and Chemometrics (LabFarQui), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Josué de Castro s/n, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Abstract

In this work, a method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA) was developed to comprehensively analyze phenolic compounds in peels of lime (Citrus × latifolia), lemon (Citrus limon), and rangpur lime (Citrus × limonia). The reverse-phase separation was achieved with a C18 fused-core column packed with the smallest particles commercially available (1.3 um). The method was successfully coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), allowing the detection of 24 phenolic compounds and five limonoids in several other citrus peels species: key lime, orange and sweet orange, tangerine, and tangerine ponkan, proving the suitability for comprehensive analysis in citrus peel matrices. Additionally, the developed method was validated according to the Food and drug administration (FDA) and National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology (INMETRO) criteria, demonstrating specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision according to these guidelines. System suitability parameters such as resolution, tailoring, plate count were also verified.

Keywords: Citrus peels; Comprehensive analysis; Fused-core column; Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection.