Bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of β-carotene loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) from binary mixtures of palm stearin and palm olein

Miftakhur Rohmah; Anton Rahmadi; Sri Raharjo

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08913

Bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of β-carotene loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) from binary mixtures of palm stearin and palm olein

Heliyon. 2022 Feb 9;8(2):e08913. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08913. eCollection 2022 Feb.

Authors

Miftakhur Rohmah¹, Anton Rahmadi^{1

2}, Sri Raharjo³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Jl. Paser Balengkong Kampus Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, 75119, Indonesia.
² Research Center for Drugs and Cosmetics from Tropical Rain Forest (PUI-PT Oktal), University of Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, Indonesia.
³ Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.

Abstract

β-carotene (βC) is an essential nutrient for health. It is a potent antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory substance. However, βC has high hydrophobicity property, indicating a low absorption level in the digestive tract. The bioavailability of βC is reasonably low. Lipid-based delivery systems such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) potentially can help to overcome this problem. This research evaluated the bioaccessibility of the nanostructured mixture of palm stearin (PS) and palm olein (PO) and the antioxidant activity of βC in the structure. β-carotene bioaccessibility was studied by measuring the micellization during in vitro digestion. Antioxidants activity was measured by 2.2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2, 2 - diphenyl -1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction methods. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion model indicated that nanostructured lipid carrier enhanced bioaccessibility and antioxidants activity of βC. This suggests that the formulated NLC system can be used effectively to deliver lipophilic bioactive such as βC in beverage products.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Bioaccessibility; Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC); Palm olein; Palm stearin; β-carotene.