Generalised oedema as a presenting manifestation of inflammatory myopathy

Abstract

Polymyositis is an immune-mediated inflammatory myopathy usually presenting with weakness of proximal muscles in a symmetric pattern. Generalised subcutaneous oedema as presenting feature of inflammatory myopathy, especially polymyositis, has rarely been reported. We report here a case of a young woman who was admitted to our facility with generalised severe subcutaneous oedema. During hospital stay, she gradually developed significant proximal muscle weakness with bulbar symptoms. The initial presentation of the patient masqueraded with other causes of anasarca. However, detailed clinical features, laboratory evaluation, electromyography and muscle biopsy clinched the diagnosis of polymyositis. She was treated with systemic corticosteroids and azathioprine. The patient responded well to treatment and the swelling gradually subsided.

Keywords: general practice / family medicine; immunology; nephrotic syndrome; rheumatology.