Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who had undergone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods: From November 2017 to October 2018, this retrospective multi-center study was conducted in 11 hospitals in China. It contained data from 281 cases who had undergone CPR and all of the subjects were divided into CHD group and non-CHD group. The general condition, duration of CPR, epinephrine doses during resuscitation, recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), discharge survival rate and pediatric cerebral performance category in viable children at discharge were compared. According to whether malignant arrhythmia is the direct cause of cardiopulmonary arrest or not, children in CHD and non-CHD groups were divided into 2 subgroups: arrhythmia and non-arrhythmia, and the ROSC and survival rate to discharge were compared. Data in both groups were analyzed by t-test, chi-square analysis or ANOVA, and logistic regression were used to analyze the prognostic factors for ROSC and survival to discharge after cardiac arrest (CA). Results: The incidence of CA in PICU was 3.2% (372/11 588), and the implementation rate of CPR was 75.5% (281/372). There were 144 males and 137 females with median age of 32.8 (5.6, 42.7) months in all 281 CPA cases who received CPR. CHD group had 56 cases while non-CHD had 225 cases, with the percentage of 19.9% (56/281) and 80.1% (225/281) respectively. The proportion of female in CHD group was 60.7% (34/56) which was higher than that in non-CHD group (45.8%, 103/225) (χ2=4.00, P=0.045). There were no differences in ROSC and rate of survival to discharge between the two groups (P>0.05). The ROSC rate of children with arthythmid in CHD group was 70.0% (28/40), higher than 6/16 for non-arrhythmic children (χ2=5.06, P=0.024). At discharge, the pediatric cerebral performance category scores (1-3 scores) of CHD and non-CHD child were 50.9% (26/51) and 44.9% (92/205) respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent prognostic factors of ROSC and survival to discharge in children with CHD were CPR duration (odds ratio (OR)=0.95, 0.97; 95%CI: 0.92~0.97, 0.95~0.99; both P<0.05) and epinephrine dosage (OR=0.87 and 0.79, 95%CI: 0.76-1.00 and 0.69-0.89, respectively; both P<0.05). Conclusions: There is no difference between CHD and non-CHD children in ROSC and survival rate of survival to discharge was low. The epinephrine dosage and the duration of CPR are related to the ROSC and survival to discharge of children with CHD.
目的： 了解我国部分儿童重症监护病房（PICU）内先天性心脏病（简称先心病）患儿心肺骤停后实施心肺复苏的效果及预后影响因素。 方法： 回顾性分析2017年11月至2018年10月我国11家医院PICU收治的281例心肺骤停且接受标准心肺复苏的患儿资料，根据是否患有先心病分为先心病组和非先心病组，比较一般情况、心肺复苏持续时间、复苏过程中肾上腺素使用次数、自主循环恢复（ROSC）率、出院存活率、出院儿童脑功能分类量表等临床资料。根据是否以恶性心律失常为心肺骤停直接原因分为心律失常和非心律失常2个亚组，比较患儿ROSC和出院存活率。组间比较采用t检验、χ²检验或方差分析，采用Logistic回归分析先心病心肺骤停患儿ROSC和出院存活的影响因素。 结果： 我国部分PICU内心肺骤停发生率为3.2%（372/11 588），心肺复苏实施率为75.5%（281/372）。281例发生心肺骤停并接受心肺复苏的患儿中男144例，女137例，年龄32.8（5.6，42.7）月龄。先心病组患儿56例（19.9%），非先心病组患儿225例（80.1%）。先心病组女性患儿占比高于非先心病组［60.7%（34/56）比45.8%（103/225），χ²=4.00，P=0.045］。先心病组和非先心病组ROSC率和出院存活率差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。先心病组心律失常组患儿的ROSC率高于非心律失常组［70.0%（28/40）比6/16，χ²=5.06，P=0.024］。出院时先心病组和非先心病组儿童脑功能分类量表评分达到良好（1~3分）的比例分别为50.9%（26/51）和44.9%（92/205）。Logistic回归分析提示先心病患儿ROSC和出院存活的独立影响因素均为心肺复苏持续时间［比值比（OR）=0.95、0.97；95%CI：0.92~0.97，0.95~0.99；均P<0.05］和肾上腺素使用次数［OR=0.87、0.79，95%CI：0.76~1.00、0.69~0.89，均P<0.05］。 结论： 先心病心肺骤停患儿复苏成功率与非先心病患儿相似。肾上腺素使用次数、心肺复苏持续时间是先心病患儿ROSC率和出院存活率的影响因素。.