Paddy fields are one of the most important methane sources, which have great impacts on climate change. The nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation, by NC10 phylum bacteria-Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera)-like bacteria, is a new process regulating methane emission from paddy fields. However, little is known about the spatial and temporal variations of M. oxyfera-like bacterial communities and the regulating factors in paddy soils. We investigated the community composition, diversity, and abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria in 0-40 cm depth of paddy soils at key growth stages of rice, including tillering, jointing, flowering, and milky stages. Results of high-throughput sequencing showed that community composition of M. oxyfera-like bacteria differed significantly among different soil layers, while no significant variation was observed among different rice growth stages. The diversity of M. oxyfera-like bacteria increased with soil depth. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the 16S rRNA gene abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria ranged from 5.73×106 to 2.56×107 copies·g-1 (dry weight), with the highest gene abundance in the 10-20 cm layer. Further, the abundance of these bacteria showed a decreasing trend with rice growth. Soil organic carbon content and soil pH were correlated with the M. oxyfera-like bacterial community structures and abundance. In all, our results suggested a certain degree of heterogeneity of spatial and temporal distribution of M. oxyfera-like bacterial communities in paddy soils, which was largely influenced by soil organic carbon and soil pH.
稻田是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源之一,对全球气候变化具有重要影响。由隶属于NC10门的Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera)-like细菌介导的亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化是控制稻田甲烷排放的新途径。目前,有关此类微生物群落在稻田土壤中的时空分布特征及其环境影响因素尚不明确。本研究对水稻关键生育期(分蘖期、拔节期、扬花期和乳熟期)不同深度(0～40 cm)稻田土壤中M. oxyfera-like细菌的群落组成、多样性和数量进行分析。高通量测序结果表明,不同深度土壤中M. oxyfera-like细菌群落组成存在显著差异,但其随水稻生育期的变化不明显。此类微生物多样性水平随土壤深度增加呈增加趋势。定量PCR结果显示,供试土壤中M. oxyfera-like细菌16S rRNA基因丰度为5.73×106～2.56×107 copies·g-1(干重),其丰度在10～20 cm土壤中最高,并且随着水稻的生长呈降低趋势。相关性分析发现,土壤有机碳含量和pH分别对M. oxyfera-like细菌的群落结构和丰度有显著影响。上述结果表明,稻田土壤中M. oxyfera-like细菌的群落分布存在一定的时空异质性,其主要受土壤有机碳和pH变化的影响。.
Keywords: