Pathogenesis of premature coronary artery disease: Focus on risk factors and genetic variants

Haiming Wang; Zifan Liu; Junjie Shao; Min Jiang; Xuechun Lu; Lejian Lin; Lin Wang; Qiang Xu; Haomin Zhang; Xin Li; Jingjing Zhou; Yundai Chen; Ran Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.003

Pathogenesis of premature coronary artery disease: Focus on risk factors and genetic variants

Genes Dis. 2020 Nov 10;9(2):370-380. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.003. eCollection 2022 Mar.

Authors

Haiming Wang¹, Zifan Liu¹, Junjie Shao², Min Jiang¹, Xuechun Lu³, Lejian Lin¹, Lin Wang¹, Qiang Xu¹, Haomin Zhang³, Xin Li⁴, Jingjing Zhou¹, Yundai Chen¹, Ran Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, PR China.
² The First Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, PR China.
³ Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, PR China.
⁴ Department of Health Services, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital & Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing 100853, PR China.

Abstract

The development of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) is dependent on both genetic predisposition and traditional risk factors. Strategies for unraveling the genetic basis of PCAD have evolved with the advent of modern technologies. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified a considerable number of common genetic variants that are associated with PCAD. Most of these genetic variants are attributable to lipid and blood pressure-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The genetic variants that predispose individuals to developing PCAD may depend on race and ethnicity. Some characteristic genetic variants have been identified in Chinese populations. Although translating this genetic knowledge into clinical applications is still challenging, these genetic variants can be used for CAD phenotype identification, genetic prediction and therapy. In this article we will provide a comprehensive review of genetic variants detected by GWASs that are predicted to contribute to the development of PCAD. We will highlight recent findings regarding CAD-related genetic variants in Chinese populations and discuss the potential clinical utility of genetic variants for preventing and managing PCAD.

Keywords: Genetic clinical applications; Genetic variants; Genome-wide association studies; Premature coronary artery disease; Single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Publication types

Review