Inflammatory Response to Cobalt-Chromium Alloys Fabricated With Different Techniques

Maria Kassapidou; Victoria Franke Stenport; Carina B Johansson; Anna-Karin Östberg; Petra Hammarström Johansson; Lars Hjalmarsson

doi:10.5037/jomr.2021.12403

Inflammatory Response to Cobalt-Chromium Alloys Fabricated With Different Techniques

J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2021 Dec 31;12(4):e3. doi: 10.5037/jomr.2021.12403. eCollection 2021 Oct-Dec.

Authors

Maria Kassapidou^{1

2}, Victoria Franke Stenport¹, Carina B Johansson¹, Anna-Karin Östberg³, Petra Hammarström Johansson¹, Lars Hjalmarsson^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthodontics/Dental Materials Science, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, SE 405 30 GöteborgSweden.
² Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, LinköpingSweden.
³ Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, GöteborgSweden.
⁴ Dental Clinic, Folktandvården Sörmland AB, The Mälar Hospital, SE-631 88 Eskilstuna, Sweden and Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, EskilstunaSweden.

Abstract

Objectives: To explore the in vitro cytokine expression of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to cobalt-chromium alloys, manufactured with different techniques, in comparison with commercially pure titanium grade 4 and titanium alloy grade 23.

Material and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 10 healthy blood donors and exposed to machine-ground coin-shaped: (a) cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) specimens (n = 5) manufactured by four techniques, i.e. cast, milled, laser melted and presintered milled; (b) commercially pure titanium grade 4; and (c) titanium alloy grade 23. The cells were cultured for 4, 24 and 72 hours followed by investigations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine release using Bio-Plex Pro™.

Results: In general, the PBMC produced significantly more cytokines when exposed to the cast and presintered milled Co-Cr materials compared to laser melted, milled Co-Cr and titanium materials.

Conclusions: Within the limitation of the present study, it may be suggested that cast and presintered milled cobalt-chromium alloys provoke a stronger inflammatory response compared to milled and laser melted cobalt-chromium alloys and titanium materials.

Keywords: cobalt-chromium alloys; cytokine; dental casting technique; inflammation; prosthodontics; titanium.

Copyright © Kassapidou M, Stenport VF, Johansson CB, Östberg AK, Hammarström Johansson P, Hjalmarsson L. Published in the JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH (http://www.ejomr.org), 31 December 2021.