Outcome of Ordinary Polymorphous Adenocarcinomas of the Salivary Glands in Comparison With Papillary and Cribriform Subtypes

Abstract

Background/aim: Polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a low-grade salivary gland malignancy in contrast to variants with papillary (PAP) or cribriform (CASG) architecture and confers the second most common malignancy of minor salivary glands. Our study aimed to identify prognostic factors and to evaluate histomorphological and molecular diagnostic criteria of PACs.

Patients and methods: A series of 155 PACs, including 10 PAPs and 12 CASGs from the population-based Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia (LKR-NRW) and the Hamburg Salivary Gland Reference Centre (HRC) were analyzed.

Results: One fifth of the tumors were located in the major salivary glands and PACS/CASGS invariably lacked p40 expression. Fifty-two percent of PACs showed a PRKD1 E710D mutation. Ordinary PACs had a disease-specific 10-year survival probability of 97% compared to 90% when combining PAPs and CASGs. T-stage at diagnosis was a prognostic factor with 98% for stages T1/T2 versus 75% for T3/T4.

Conclusion: Diagnostic algorithms for the PAC/CASG spectrum of tumors need to be improved and should include molecular markers.

Keywords: PRKD1; Salivary gland tumor; cribriform adenocarcinoma of salivary glands; molecular diagnostics; polymorphous adenocarcinoma; polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma.