Pearls and Pitfalls of Awake Spine Surgery: A Simplified Patient-Selection Algorithm

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
• ² Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. Electronic address: nitin.agarwal@ucsf.edu.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
• ⁴ Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.