Promoting effect of plant hormone gibberellin on co-metabolism of sulfamethoxazole by microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Feng Gao; Lei Yang; Ai-Jie Chen; Wang-Hao Zhou; Dong-Zhi Chen; Jian-Meng Chen

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126900

Promoting effect of plant hormone gibberellin on co-metabolism of sulfamethoxazole by microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Bioresour Technol. 2022 May:351:126900. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126900. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Authors

Feng Gao¹, Lei Yang², Ai-Jie Chen², Wang-Hao Zhou², Dong-Zhi Chen², Jian-Meng Chen³

Affiliations

¹ School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China. Electronic address: gaofeng@zjou.edu.cn.
² School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China.
³ School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, Zhoushan, 316000, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.

PMID: 35217156
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126900

Abstract

In this study, sodium acetate (NaAC) as a co-substrate effectively promoted the metabolism of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. In the cultivation supplied with 5.0 and 10.0 g L^-1 NaAC, 51.1% and 61.2% SMX was removed, respectively. On this basis, the improvement effect of plant hormone gibberellin (GA₃) on SMX removal by 5 g L^-1 NaAC supplied as co-substrate was further investigated. The results showed that biodegradation played decisive role in the removal of SMX. As a plant hormone, GA₃ effectively improved the co-metabolic removal efficiency of SMX by C. pyrenoidosa. Especially when GA₃ dosage reached 10.0 and 50.0 mg L^-1, C. pyrenoidosa showed a very high SMX removal rate of 83.5% and 95.3%, respectively. Transcriptome analysis showed that GA₃ promoted the removal of SMX by C. pyrenoidosa was the result of the combined action of exogenous and endogenous plant hormones.

Keywords: Antibiotic; Co-metabolism; Microalgae; Plant hormone; Transcriptome.

MeSH terms

Chlorella* / metabolism
Gibberellins / metabolism
Gibberellins / pharmacology
Microalgae* / metabolism
Plant Growth Regulators / pharmacology
Sulfamethoxazole / metabolism
Sulfamethoxazole / pharmacology

Substances

Gibberellins
Plant Growth Regulators
Sulfamethoxazole