Objective: This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, histological occurrence, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of ovarian luteoma tumor of pregnancy.
Methods: The clinical features, histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, and reticular fiber staining results of 18 cases of luteoma tumors of pregnancy were analyzed, and related published studies were reviewed.
Results: The 18 cases of luteoma tumors were all women who had undergone multiple pregnancies. The tumors were 1.3-15 cm in size and brownish yellow or reddish brown in color, with a soft texture. Microscopic examination revealed the eosinophilic cytoplasm of tumor cells and diffuse hyperplasia. The results of the immunohistochemical analysis were as follows: α-inhibin, AE1/AE3, CD99, and vimentin were positive, while epithelial membrane antigen, S-100, HMB45, and MelanA were negative. One case was positive for MelanA. The staining results of reticular fibers showed that the argyrophilic reticular fibers were black surrounding the tumor cell nests.
Conclusions: Luteoma tumor of pregnancy is a rare tumor-like lesion mostly appearing in late pregnancy. The gross, immunohistochemical staining, and reticular fiber staining results may help diagnose this disease. The disease needs to be differentiated from other diseases.
Keywords: differential diagnosis; immunohistochemical staining; pregnancy luteoma.
© 2022 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.