Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density, Serum Osteocalcin, and Osteopontin Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with/without Osteoporosis

Ali B Roomi; Abdul-Hassan Mahdi Salih; Sarmad D Noori; Wassan Nori; Saba Tariq

doi:10.1155/2022/1437061

Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density, Serum Osteocalcin, and Osteopontin Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with/without Osteoporosis

J Osteoporos. 2022 Feb 14:2022:1437061. doi: 10.1155/2022/1437061. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ali B Roomi^{1

2}, Abdul-Hassan Mahdi Salih³, Sarmad D Noori⁴, Wassan Nori⁵, Saba Tariq⁶

Affiliations

¹ Unviersity of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq.
² Biochemistry and Biological Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq.
³ Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Unviersity of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
⁶ Department of Pharmacology, University Medical & Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.

Abstract

Objective: Osteoporosis (OP) is a worldwide ailment; we aim to establish new biomarkers in diagnosis by determining the levels of serum osteocalcin and osteopontin along with bone mineral density (BMD) and lumbar T-score, in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with or without OP.

Methods: This observational study included 160 postmenopausal women who were an attendee at outpatient clinics in Al-Hussein Hospital, Thi-Qar province; subdivided into 3 groups based on their T-score testing: Group I (n = 40) comprised postmenopausal women without T2DM as controls, Group II (n = 60) comprised postmenopausal women with T2DM but without OP, and Group III (n = 60) comprised postmenopausal women with T2DM with OP. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the BMD (total body, lumbar spine, and femoral) and T-score for lumbar spine and femoral. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels were assessed in all three groups.

Results: Compared with controls, Group III demonstrated significantly lower BMD (total body, lumbar spine, and femoral), T-score for lumbar spine and femoral, serum osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels than Group II and Group I (P < 0.001). FBG and HbA1c levels were significantly higher in Group III than in Groups I and II (P < 0.001). A negative correlation was proved between HbA1c levels with BMD, osteocalcin levels, and osteopontin levels in the three groups.

Conclusions: Iraqi postmenopausal women with T2DM had a significantly lower bone mineral density, serum osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels. These results may serve as adjuvants in screening for OP, particularly among diabetic patients.