Managing oral health care and prevention: The experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders living in a rural community in Queensland, Australia

Abstract

Objective: To understand the experience of rural Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in engaging with oral health care services and programs in order to support the development of oral health services and prevention programs that better meet their needs.

Design: The study used a qualitative research design, which aims to describe participants' lived experience of engaging with oral health services and prevention programs in a rural Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 participants. The 15 transcribed discussions were analysed using a 6-step phenomenological process.

Setting: A rural community in Queensland, Australia, with a predominantly Aboriginal population.

Participants: Participants were purposively recruited from established health and community groups.

Main outcome: System-level barriers to accessing and engaging with oral health services and prevention influence how communities manage oral health and seek treatment.

Results: The study identified 4 main themes describing the community's experience: service location and the efforts required to access oral health services; the financial burden of accessing oral health care and practising prevention; lack of confidence in oral health services; and the avoidance or delaying of accessing care for dental problems. Results confirmed a high burden of oral disease but limited attendance at an oral health facility and difficulties engaging in preventative oral health behaviours. Treatment seeking was usually instigated by the experience of pain and typically at a tertiary health facility.

Conclusion: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in rural communities experience a high burden of oral disease but have limited engagement with oral health services. This is associated with system-level barriers to accessing and engaging with oral health services and prevention.

Keywords: Australia; Indigenous; oral health; rural health; treatment seeking behaviour.