Genome-wide investigation of the ZF-HD gene family in two varieties of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and its expression pattern under alkaline stress

BMC Genomics. 2022 Feb 21;23(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08309-x.

Abstract

Background: Zinc finger homeodomain (ZHD) protein is a plant-specific transcription factor and a potential regulator of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase)-coding genes, and it also participates in plant growth regulation and abiotic stress responses. To study the function of MsZF-HD genes in the alkaline stress response, this paper assessed biological information and performed transcriptome analysis of the MsZF-HD gene family by using the genomes of two different varieties of alfalfa (XinJiangDa Ye and Zhongmu No. 1).

Results: In total, 49 and 11 MsZF-HD genes were identified in the two different varieties respectively, including the alleles of XinJiangDa Ye. According to their phylogenetic relationships, the 60 MsZF-HD genes were divided into 5 ZHD subfamilies and 1 MIF subfamily. A total of 88.3% of MsZF-HD genes do not contain introns and are unevenly distributed among the 6 chromosomes of alfalfa. A collinearity analysis indicated that 26 genes of XinJiangDa Ye have no orthologous genes in Zhongmu No. 1, although these genes (such as ZHD-X1-2, ZHD-X3-2 and ZHD-X4-2) have homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, Medicago truncatula and Glycine max. Through RNA-seq and qRT-PCR verification, it was found that MsZF-HD genes are downregulated to participate in the alkaline stress response.

Conclusion: The results of this study may lay the foundation for the cloning and functional study of MsZF-HD genes and provide a theoretical basis for revealing the difference between XinJiangDa Ye and Zhongmu No. 1 at the genome level.

Keywords: Alkaline stress; Collinearity analysis; Medicago sativa; ZF-HD gene family.

MeSH terms

  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
  • Genome, Plant
  • Medicago sativa* / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism
  • Stress, Physiological / genetics

Substances

  • Plant Proteins