A comparative study of bacterial diversity based on effects of three different shade shed types in the rhizosphere of Panax quiquefolium L

PeerJ. 2022 Feb 9:10:e12807. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12807. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Background: Shading is an important factor affecting the cultivation of American ginseng, as it influences crop quality and yield. Rhizosphere microorganisms are also crucial for normal plant growth and development. However, whether different shade types significantly change American ginseng rhizosphere microorganisms is unknown.

Methods: This study evaluated the rhizosphere soils of American ginseng under traditional, high flag and high arch shade sheds. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing determined the change of rhizosphere bacterial communities.

Results: The microbial diversity in rhizosphere soils of American ginseng significantly changed under different shading conditions. The bacteria diversity was more abundant in the high arch shade than flat and traditional shades. Different bacterial genera, including Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces and Nitrospira, showed significantly different abundances. Different shading conditions changed the microbial metabolic function in the American ginseng rhizosphere soils. The three types of shade sheds had specific enriched functional groups. The abundance of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters consistently increased in the bacterial microbiota. These results help understand the influence of shading systems on the rhizosphere microecology of American ginseng, and contribute to the American ginseng cultivation.

Keywords: 16s rRNA; American ginseng; Bacteria; Rhizosphere; Shade shed; Soil.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Panax* / genetics
  • Plant Roots / microbiology
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Rhizosphere
  • Soil / chemistry
  • Soil Microbiology

Substances

  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  • Soil

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (NO. CXGC2021A50, CXGC2021A18); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82003632); the Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong, China (NO. 2019JZZY020612); the Province Agricultural Major Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong, China (NO. SD2019ZZ016); the Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Shandong, China (NO. 2019LYXZ025, 2019GSF109087); the Taishan Scholars’s Program of Shandong for Jinyue Sun. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.