Comparison of Chemotherapy Combined With Chidamide Versus Chemotherapy in the Frontline Treatment for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma

Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 2:13:835103. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835103. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Background: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is featured with a poor survival outcome. China has approved chidamide, an oral novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, for patients diagnosed with relapsed or refractory PTCL.

Objective: We compared the benefit of traditional chemotherapy alone and a combination of chidamide and traditional chemotherapy against newly diagnosed PTCL. Prognostic factors related to progression and survival in patients diagnosed with untreated PTCL were also investigated.

Methods: 104 patients with newly diagnosed PTCL were enrolled and divided into chemotherapy (ChT) group and chemotherapy combined with chidamide (ChT+C) group. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted with Log-rank test and Cox's proportional hazard regression. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to evaluate factors associated with prognostic differences between ChT and ChT+C groups.

Results: Compared with patients in ChT group, those in ChT+C group had superior progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.047). However, there was no significantly statistical difference observed between the two groups in overall survival (OS) (p=0.212). High IPI scores have a negative relationship with survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that the type of frontline treatment regimen is an independent factor associated with PFS of PTCL patients (p=0.045). In the subgroup of patients with high international prognostic index scores (3-5), the HR value for PFS comparing ChT with ChT+C was 4.675. A test of interaction between IPI and treatment showed statistical significance (p = 0.037), implying that the benefits of ChT+C are higher for patients with high IPI scores.

Conclusions: In summary, the combination of ChT and chidamide may provide a promising prospect for patients with newly diagnosed PTCL.

Keywords: HDAC inhibitor; chemotherapy; chidamide; frontline; peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aminopyridines / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Benzamides / therapeutic use*
  • China
  • Female
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Aminopyridines
  • Benzamides
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • N-(2-amino-5-fluorobenzyl)-4-(N-(pyridine-3-acrylyl)aminomethyl)benzamide