Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites Regulate Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Jiangbo Ren; Anli Ren; Xizhi Deng; Zhengrong Huang; Ziyu Jiang; Zhi Li; Yan Gong

doi:10.2147/JIR.S347231

Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites Regulate Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

J Inflamm Res. 2022 Feb 9:15:865-880. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S347231. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Jiangbo Ren^#^{1

2}, Anli Ren^#^{1

2}, Xizhi Deng², Zhengrong Huang¹, Ziyu Jiang¹, Zhi Li², Yan Gong^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
³ Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding eye disease, whose incidence strongly increases with ages. The etiology of AMD is complex, including aging, abnormal lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential for ocular structures and functions. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of LCPUFA on inflammation in AMD. LCPUFA are related to aging, autophagy and chronic inflammation. They are metabolized to pro- and anti-inflammatory metabolites by various enzymes. These metabolites stimulate inflammation in response to oxidative stress, causing innate and acquired immune responses. This review also discusses the possible clinical applications, which provided novel targets for the prevention and treatment of AMD and other age-related diseases.

Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; inflammation; long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Publication types

Review