Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults in the last 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Letícia Teixeira de Siqueira Valadares; Luiza Siqueira Barreto de Souza; Valdir Alves Salgado Júnior; Larissa de Freitas Bonomo; Leandro Roberto de Macedo; Maísa Silva

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12753-5

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults in the last 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 16;22(1):327. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12753-5.

Authors

Letícia Teixeira de Siqueira Valadares¹, Luiza Siqueira Barreto de Souza¹, Valdir Alves Salgado Júnior¹, Larissa de Freitas Bonomo², Leandro Roberto de Macedo³, Maísa Silva⁴

Affiliations

¹ Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
² Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil.
³ Department of Economy, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Basic Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares Campus, Avenida Moacir Paleta, nº 1167, no bairro São Pedro.CEP 35020-360, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil. maisa.silva@ufjf.edu.br.

Abstract

Background: A cluster of interconnected cardiometabolic risk factors characterizes metabolic Syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide, but there is not a meta-analysis of this prevalence in the Brazilian population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult general population in Brazil through a meta‑analysis study.

Methods: Original research studies were searched at PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases, from 2011 to 2021. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool to assess the quality of included studies. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of MS. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were conducted for explored heterogeneity and used the Funnel Plot and Egger's test to assess publication bias. The study was performed based on the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).

Results: The search in electronic databases identified 1598 records. From this total, 26 studies were eligible to be included in the final analysis. The overall pooled prevalence among the general population of Brazil was 33% with high heterogeneity observed. By gender, the prevalences were 26% in males and 38% in females. By criteria that was used to define MS, the prevalence were 31% in NCEP ATP III, 25% in JIS, 37% in IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO and 33% in IDF criteria. The prevalence in different habitat was 34% in urban, 15% in rural, 28% in quilombola and 37% in indigenous. In different regions was 37% in the South, 30% in Southeast, 38% in North, 31% in Northeast and 39% in Midwest. The pooled prevalence of MS with age was < 45 years: 43% and ≥ 45 years: 42% and the prevalence based on year of study implementation was 31% in 2015-2019, 35% in 2010-2014 and 28% in 2005-2009. There were no statistically significant differences between subgroups. Most of the studies showed high quality assessment criteria's except adequate sample size criteria and many studies participants were not sampled in an appropriate way.

Conclusions: Our review indicates a high prevalence of MS in the healthy Brazilian adult population, when compared to others countries and with a world estimate.

Keywords: Brazil; Meta-analysis; Metabolic syndrome; Prevalence.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Adult
Brazil / epidemiology
Databases, Factual
Female
Health Status
Humans
Male
Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
Metabolic Syndrome* / etiology
Middle Aged
Prevalence