Radiographic Comparison of Heterotopic Ossification After Primary Total Ankle Arthroplasty in Fourth-Generation Implants

Foot Ankle Spec. 2023 Jun;16(3):221-225. doi: 10.1177/19386400221079199. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

¹ Silicon Valley Reconstructive Foot and Ankle Fellowship, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Mountain View, California.
² Kaiser San Francisco Bay Area Foot and Ankle Residency Program, Department of Orthopedics and Podiatry, Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Oakland, California.
³ Kaiser San Francisco Bay Area Foot and Ankle Residency Program, Department of Orthopedics and Podiatry, Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Antioch, California.
⁴ Innovative Medical Solutions, Beverly Hills, California.
⁵ Integrated Orthopedics of Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona.

Abstract

Level III: Retrospective comparative.

Keywords: ankle arthroplasty; ankle replacement; ectopic bone; heterotopic ossification.