Hypoxic repeated sprint interval training improves cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary young women

Zhaowei Kong; On Kei Lei; Shengyan Sun; Lei Li; Qingde Shi; Haifeng Zhang; Jinlei Nie

doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2022.01.005

Hypoxic repeated sprint interval training improves cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary young women

J Exerc Sci Fit. 2022 Apr;20(2):100-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Jan 26.

Authors

Zhaowei Kong¹, On Kei Lei¹, Shengyan Sun², Lei Li³, Qingde Shi⁴, Haifeng Zhang⁵, Jinlei Nie⁴

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China.
² Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
³ School of Physical Education, Ludong University, Shandong Province, China.
⁴ School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China.
⁵ College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of repeated sprint interval training (RSIT) under different hypoxic conditions in comparison with normoxic RSIT on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic health in sedentary young women.

Methods: Sixty-two sedentary young women (age: 21.9 ± 2.8 years, peak oxygen uptake [V̇O_2peak] 25.9 ± 4.5 ml kg^-1·min^-1) were randomized into one of the four groups, including a normoxic RSIT group (N), RSIT simulating an altitude of 2500 m (H₂₅₀₀), RSIT simulating an incremental altitude of 2500-3400 m (H_2500-3400) and a non-exercise control group (C). The training intervention (80 × 6 s all-out cycling sprints with 9 s recovery) was performed three times/week for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measures, V̇O_2peak, fasting blood glucose and lipids were assessed during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle before and after the intervention.

Results: Compared with the control group, significant increases in V̇O_2peak were found in both hypoxic groups (H₂₅₀₀: +8.2%, p < 0.001, d = 0.52; H_2500-3400: +10.9%, p < 0.05, d = 0.99) but not in the N group (+3.6%, p > 0.05, d = 0.21) after the intervention, whereas the two hypoxic groups had no difference in V̇O_2peak. Blood glucose and lipids, and body composition remained unchanged in all groups.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that combining hypoxia with RSIT can enhance the improvement of CRF compared with normoxic RSIT alone in the sedentary young population. Yet, compared with RSIT under stable hypoxia, incremental hypoxia stress in the short-term does not additionally ameliorate CRF.

Keywords: Aerobic capacity; High-intensity interval training; Hypoxia; Metabolic health.