Graphene oxide incorporated polystyrene electrospun nanofibers for immunosensing of CD36 as a marker of diabetic plasma

Abstract

Electrospun nanofibers (ESNF) offer us a chance to obtain nanoscale building blocks by adding the desired modification agent to the polymer solution. Here, nanocomposite-based electrospun nanofibers designed for the recognition surface of the developed immunosensor were used for the first time in the determination of CD36. Firstly, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized from graphite powder (GR), and GO sheets were silanized with different amounts of (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). Synthesized GO-APTES nanocomposite and polystyrene (PS) solution were mixed in different ratios to obtain uniform nanofibers without beads. As a result of the amino groups obtained on the surface of the nanofibers, the surface was made ready for covalent immobilization of the Anti-CD36 antibody. The nanofibers obtained under the optimum conditions determined were deposited on the surface of the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by the electrospinning technique. Then, Anti-CD36 was immobilized on the PS/GO-APTES modified SPCE through covalent bonding and used to prepare the biofunctional surface for the usage of bioelectrochemistry of CD36. The optimum Anti-CD36 concentration decided to be used in experiments was determined as 10 µg/mL. The linear detection range of CD36 was from 0.5 to 20 ng/mL, and the detection limit was 0.999 ng/mL. Finally, the developed PS/GO-APTES/Anti-CD36 immunosensor was used for the determination of CD36 in artificial blood serum without any interference effect.

Keywords: Electrospinning; Electrospun nanofibers; Graphene oxide; Immunosensing; Polystyrene.