Copper(II)-β-cyclodextrin immobilized on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as a highly effective catalyst for tandem oxidative amidation of benzylic alcohols

Hossein Ghafuri; Afsaneh Rashidizadeh; Mostafa Ghafori Gorab; Ghazaleh Jafari

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05363-z

Copper(II)-β-cyclodextrin immobilized on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as a highly effective catalyst for tandem oxidative amidation of benzylic alcohols

Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 11;12(1):2331. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05363-z.

Authors

Hossein Ghafuri¹, Afsaneh Rashidizadeh², Mostafa Ghafori Gorab², Ghazaleh Jafari²

Affiliations

¹ Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran. ghafuri@iust.ac.ir.
² Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

In this study, an efficient catalyst based on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CN) and copper(II) supported β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/Cu(II)) was synthesized and used for tandem oxidative amidation of benzylic alcohols. In this regard, CN was functionalized by β-CD/Cu(II) via 1,3-dibromopropane linker (CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II)). The prepared catalyst was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, TGA, ICP-OES, BET, and TEM analyses. CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II) was subsequently applied in a direct oxidative amidation reaction and it was observed that different benzyl alcohols were converted to desire amides with good to excellent efficiency. This reaction was performed in the presence of amine hydrochloride salts, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), and Ca₂CO₃ in acetonitrile (CH₃CN) under nitrogen atmosphere. CN-Pr-β-CD/Cu(II) can be recycled and reused five times without significant reduction in reaction efficiency.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't