Hairpin-like siRNA-Based Spherical Nucleic Acids

J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Feb 23;144(7):3174-3181. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c12750. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

Abstract

The therapeutic use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as gene regulation agents has been limited by their poor stability and delivery. Although arranging siRNAs into a spherical nucleic acid (SNA) architecture to form siRNA-SNAs increases their stability and uptake, prototypical siRNA-SNAs consist of a hybridized architecture that causes guide strand dissociation from passenger strands, which limits the delivery of active siRNA duplexes. In this study, a new SNA design that directly attaches both siRNA strands to the SNA core through a single hairpin-shaped molecule to prevent guide strand dissociation is introduced and investigated. This hairpin-like architecture increases the number of siRNA duplexes that can be loaded onto an SNA by 4-fold compared to the original hybridized siRNA-SNA architecture. As a result, the hairpin-like siRNA-SNAs exhibit a 6-fold longer half-life in serum and decreased cytotoxicity. In addition, the hairpin-like siRNA-SNA produces more durable gene knockdown than the hybridized siRNA-SNA. This study shows how the chemistry used to immobilize siRNA on nanoparticles can markedly enhance biological function, and it establishes the hairpin-like architecture as a next-generation SNA construct that will be useful in life science and medical research.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Gene Silencing / drug effects
  • Gold / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids / chemistry
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids / pharmacology*
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids / toxicity
  • Inverted Repeat Sequences
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Metal Nanoparticles / toxicity
  • Nucleic Acid Hybridization
  • RNA, Small Interfering / chemistry
  • RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology*
  • RNA, Small Interfering / toxicity

Substances

  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Gold