Epidemiology, Transmission, and Molecular Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2

Rahul Mallick; Asim K Duttaroy

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85109-5_3

Epidemiology, Transmission, and Molecular Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021:1352:33-44. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-85109-5_3.

Authors

Rahul Mallick¹, Asim K Duttaroy²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
² Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. a.k.duttaroy@medisin.uio.no.

PMID: 35132593
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85109-5_3

Abstract

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated coronavirus pandemic has posed a global health emergency.

Methods: This chapter focuses on the epidemiology and transmission immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on the available data on SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.

Results: The virus is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets, and the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 days. The case fatality rate is estimated at 6%. Following binding with cell surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cell and replicates by using host machinery to cause disease.

Conclusions: Cytokine storm due to COVID-19 has challenged the treatment outcome.

Keywords: ACE2; COVID-19; Cytokines; Epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; Spike protein transmission.

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Humans
Pandemics
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
SARS-CoV-2*
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Substances

Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A