Metastatic thymic carcinomas have a poor prognosis. Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has recently been evaluated for patients with metastatic thymic carcinomas progressing after at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy. The antitumor activity of immunotherapy appears to be promising for these patients and pembrolizumab in monotherapy is actually a treatment option in second metastatic line. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of a patient treated for metastatic thymic adenocarcinoma with a combination of chemotherapy-immunotherapy. The patient is a 46-year-old man with metastatic thymic adenocarcinoma treated in third metastatic line with a combination of pembrolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy with a very good metabolic tumor response. He had a progression-free survival of 7.9 months and did not experience any severe side effects related to pembrolizumab. The association of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, as in non-small cell and small cell lung cancers, could be of interest for future therapeutic trials evaluating the survival of patients with metastatic thymic carcinoma.
Keywords: case report; immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI); immunotherapy; therapeutic option; thoracic malignancies; thymic epithelial tumor (TET).
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