A Review of Antimicrobial Activity of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Is There Any Potential?

Oleh Andrukhov; Alice Blufstein; Christian Behm

doi:10.3389/froh.2021.832976

A Review of Antimicrobial Activity of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Is There Any Potential?

Front Oral Health. 2022 Jan 14:2:832976. doi: 10.3389/froh.2021.832976. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Oleh Andrukhov¹, Alice Blufstein^{1

2}, Christian Behm¹

Affiliations

¹ Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
² Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Abstract

Antimicrobial defense is an essential component of host-microbial homeostasis and contributes substantially to oral health maintenance. Dental mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess multilineage differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties and play an important role in various processes like regeneration and disease progression. Recent studies show that dental MSCs might also be involved in antibacterial defense. This occurs by producing antimicrobial peptides or attracting professional phagocytic immune cells and modulating their activity. The production of antimicrobial peptides and immunomodulatory abilities of dental MSCs are enhanced by an inflammatory environment and influenced by vitamin D_3. Antimicrobial peptides also have anti-inflammatory effects in dental MSCs and improve their differentiation potential. Augmentation of antibacterial efficiency of dental MSCs could broaden their clinical application in dentistry.

Keywords: Vitamin D3; antimicrobial peptides; dental mesenchymal stromal cells; immunomodulation; oral health.

Publication types

Review