Selective Extraction, Recovery, and Sensing of Hydroquinone Mediated by a Supramolecular Pillar[5]quinone Quinhydrone Charge-Transfer Complex

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 Feb 9;14(5):6810-6817. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c22583. Epub 2022 Jan 30.

Abstract

Intermolecular interactions between an electron-rich aromatic hydroquinone (HQ) with its electron deficient counterpart, benzoquinone (BQ), result in the formation of a quinhydrone charge-transfer complex. Herein, we report a novel quinhydrone-type complex between pillar[5]quinone (P[5]Q) and HQ. Characterized by a suite of spectroscopic techniques including 1H NMR, UV-visible, and FTIR together with PXRD, SEM, BET, CV, and DFT modeling studies, the stability of the complex is determined to be due to an electron-proton transfer reaction coupled with a complementary donor-acceptor interaction. The selectivity of P[5]Q toward HQ over other dihydroxybenzene isomers allows for not only the naked-eye detection of HQ but also its selective liquid-liquid extraction and recovery from aqueous media.

Keywords: charge-transfer interaction; extraction; hydroquinone; pillar[5]quinone; sensing.