Acetaminophen and Xenobiotic Metabolites in Human Milk and the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Cohort of Extremely Preterm Infants

Abstract

This retrospective cohort study sought to identify the association between certain xenobiotic metabolites in maternal breast milk and the diagnoses of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants. Several acetaminophen metabolites were associated with a 3- to 6-fold increased odds of these disorders, and metabolites of certain food products, benzoate, and caffeine were associated with decreased odds.

Keywords: acetaminophen; breast milk; bronchopulmonsary dysplasia; preterm infant; xenobiotics.