Establishment of optimal QuEChERS conditions of various food matrices for rapid measurement of heterocyclic amines in various foods

Chow-Feng Chiang; Po-Lin Liao; Kuo-Chiang Hsu; Jung-Yu Shen; Jau-Tien Lin; Deng-Jye Yang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132184

Establishment of optimal QuEChERS conditions of various food matrices for rapid measurement of heterocyclic amines in various foods

Food Chem. 2022 Jun 30:380:132184. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132184. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

Authors

Chow-Feng Chiang¹, Po-Lin Liao², Kuo-Chiang Hsu³, Jung-Yu Shen⁴, Jau-Tien Lin⁵, Deng-Jye Yang⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Master Program of Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
² Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University-Yangming Campus, 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221 Taiwan, ROC.
³ Master Program of Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Taichung 406040, Taiwan, ROC.
⁴ Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University-Yangming Campus, 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221 Taiwan, ROC; JTTEC Service Corporation, 13F.-7, 79, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., New Taipei 22101, Taiwan, ROC.
⁵ Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, and Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, 110, Section 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC.
⁶ Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University-Yangming Campus, 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221 Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Taichung 406040, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: djyang1@gmail.com.

PMID: 35077989
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132184

Abstract

The optimal conditions for QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) with superior performance were established to rapidly extract 21 heterocyclic amines (HAs) from 9 categories of food matrices including meat and poultry, eggs, soy beans and products, composite foods, fish and seafood, grains, beer, dairy foods, and coffee. The QuEChERS conditions and the developed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis conditions were then applied to the determination of HAs in popular food products sold in the Taiwan market. The conditions comply with the food chemical analysis specifications of Taiwan Food and Drug Administration. Coffee products and braised products that require a longer cooking time contained relatively high content of HAs (mainly Harman and Norharman), and their consumption is relatively high resulting in relatively high intake of HAs from these products. The dietary intake of HAs in plant-based protein food products should also be of concern.

Keywords: Analysis; Animal-based protein food; Dietary intake; Food matrix; Heterocyclic amines (HAs); Plant-based protein food; QuEChERS.

MeSH terms

Amines* / analysis
Animals
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Food Analysis
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Tandem Mass Spectrometry*

Substances

Amines