Optimization of sensing-pad functionalizing strategy toward separative extended-gate FET biosensors for PSA detection

Jiahuan Yu; Guosheng Gao; Bo Sun; Lingyan Liang; Qiang Shen; Yang Zhang; Hongtao Cao

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114597

Optimization of sensing-pad functionalizing strategy toward separative extended-gate FET biosensors for PSA detection

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022 Mar 20:211:114597. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114597. Epub 2022 Jan 15.

Authors

Jiahuan Yu¹, Guosheng Gao², Bo Sun³, Lingyan Liang⁴, Qiang Shen², Yang Zhang⁵, Hongtao Cao⁶

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Advanced Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
² HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, People's Republic of China.
³ Laboratory of Advanced Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Laboratory of Advanced Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: lly@nimte.ac.cn.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Material Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zhang_yang@semi.ac.cn.
⁶ Laboratory of Advanced Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: h_cao@nimte.ac.cn.

PMID: 35074564
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114597

Abstract

In this study, separative extended-gate AlGaAs/GaAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensor is proposed for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection. Zinc oxide nanotetrapods (T-ZnO) with a four-leg structure is introduced onto the sensing pad to form a three-dimensional (3D) and concave detection front. Compared with common plane front, the elaborately-designed-3D and concave detection front can offer more biological modification sites and decrease the Debye volume, resultantly improving both the detection scope and sensitivity. Anti-PSA probes can be fixed at any sites of T-ZnO via a chemical bio-functionalization method, which facilitates better detection performance by comparison with a physical modification scheme. On the other hand, the T-ZnO nanostructures with the four-leg configuration are capable of releasing the stress and erosion effect of the solution on the plane Au film, contributing to a great improvement in the reliability of the biosensors. The optimized biosensors with chemical bio-functionalized T-ZnO detection front demonstrate good linear current/voltage response to label-free PSA target in the concentration range from 5 fg/ml~5 ng/ml and a sensitivity variation ~ 1.3% dec^-1.

Keywords: Debye volume; Ion-sensitive field effect transistors; Plug-in-card-type; Portable biosensors; Prostate cancer.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques* / methods
Humans
Male
Prostate-Specific Antigen* / analysis
Reproducibility of Results
Zinc Oxide / chemistry

Substances

Prostate-Specific Antigen
Zinc Oxide