Mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke complicating cardiac interventions

Jacob Cherian; Christopher Cronkite; Visish Srinivasan; Maryam Haider; Ali S Haider; Peter Kan; Jeremiah N Johnson

doi:10.4103/bc.bc_62_21

Mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke complicating cardiac interventions

Brain Circ. 2021 Dec 21;7(4):265-270. doi: 10.4103/bc.bc_62_21. eCollection 2021 Oct-Dec.

Authors

Jacob Cherian¹, Christopher Cronkite¹, Visish Srinivasan¹, Maryam Haider², Ali S Haider¹, Peter Kan¹, Jeremiah N Johnson¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) complicating cardiac interventions (CI) is well described. The use of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for treatment of emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) in this setting, however, is not widely reported.

Methods: Cases of patients undergoing MT for AIS with ELVO at a single institution were reviewed. Cases preceded by recent CI were investigated retrospectively. Data was collected for patient demographics, type of cardiac intervention, stroke characteristics, neurovascular intervention, and patient outcomes.

Results: Between 2008 and 2017, registry analysis identified nine patients treated with MT for AIS complicating recent CI. Patients were more commonly male with a mean age of 67 years. A large majority had a known cardiac arrhythmia. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) was the most identified CI, followed by valve repair, and cardiac ablations. Mean presenting NIHSS was 18. Most presented with hemiplegia. Seven cases were found to have MCA occlusions. Stent-retrievers were used in 6 cases with excellent recanalization in five MCA cases (TICI 2c or 3) and in two basilar cases. Despite immediate improvements in NIHSS scores in most cases, functional outcomes were poor in 7 cases (mRS of 4-6). Three cases were complicated by hemorrhage and three cases ended in mortality.

Conclusion: AIS with ELVO following recent CI is associated with high rates of mortality and poor functional outcomes despite MT. Further work is needed to understand the key drivers to poor outcomes in this ELVO subgroup.

Keywords: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery; emergent large vessels occlusions; mechanical thrombectomy; stroke.