Eugenol Administration Improves Liver Damage Induced by a Fructose-Rich Diet

Abbass Ali Niazi; Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei; Zahra Saebinasab; Maryam Maleki; Fatemeh Maghool; Fatemeh Fereidooni; Tahereh Safari

doi:10.4103/abr.abr_237_20

Eugenol Administration Improves Liver Damage Induced by a Fructose-Rich Diet

Adv Biomed Res. 2021 Nov 26:10:42. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_237_20. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Abbass Ali Niazi¹, Fatemeh Kourkinejad Gharaei², Zahra Saebinasab², Maryam Maleki³, Fatemeh Maghool⁴, Fatemeh Fereidooni⁵, Tahereh Safari^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
² Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
³ Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
⁴ Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁵ Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
⁶ Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract

Backgrounds: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing in developing countries that affects the liver in a variety of ways. This study was designed to investigate the protective role of eugenol on liver damage caused by fructose-induced MetS.

Materials and methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: 1: tap water (control), 2: fructose, 3: fructose + eugenol solvent, 4: fructose + eugenol 50 mg/kg, and 5: fructose + eugenol 100 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken for measurement fast blood glucose (FBG), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and triglyceride.

Results: FBG significantly increased in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (P < 0.001); however, it significantly decreased in Groups 4 and 5 compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05). SGOT and SGPT levels significantly increased in Group 2 compared to the control group (P < 0.001). However, SGOT and SGPT levels significantly decreased in Groups 4 and 5. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver tissue damage score (LTDS) significantly increased in Group 2 compared with the control group (P < 0.01), whereas MDA and LTDS decreased in Groups 4 and 5 compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Eugenol may ameliorate liver damage in a rat model of fructose-induced MetS, and these protective effects may in part be mediated by improving antioxidant status and reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. It may also reduce hepatic inflammation and fat accumulation as well as fibrosis of liver cells.

Keywords: Eugenol; fatty liver; fructose; metabolic syndrome.