Optimizing the strontium content to achieve an ideal osseointegration through balancing apatite-forming ability and osteogenic activity

Zhen Geng; Shang Sang; Sicheng Wang; Fanying Meng; Zhaoyang Li; Shengli Zhu; Zhenduo Cui; Yingying Jing; Chuanfeng Wang; Jiacan Su

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2022.112647

Optimizing the strontium content to achieve an ideal osseointegration through balancing apatite-forming ability and osteogenic activity

Biomater Adv. 2022 Feb:133:112647. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112647. Epub 2022 Jan 8.

Authors

Zhen Geng¹, Shang Sang², Sicheng Wang³, Fanying Meng⁴, Zhaoyang Li⁵, Shengli Zhu⁵, Zhenduo Cui⁵, Yingying Jing⁶, Chuanfeng Wang⁷, Jiacan Su⁸

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: nanboshan1987@163.com.
² Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
³ Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China.
⁴ Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
⁵ School of Materials Science & Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
⁶ Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. Electronic address: jingy4172@shu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China. Electronic address: cfeng_wong@163.com.
⁸ Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. Electronic address: drsujiacan@163.com.

PMID: 35067434
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112647

Abstract

Implant failure caused by unsatisfying osseointegration is still a noteworthy clinical problem. Strontium (Sr) has been confirmed to be a bioactive element that facilitates bone growth. In this study, Sr was surface incorporated in titanium (Ti) implant with different contents. The XRD results demonstrated that Sr existed mainly in the form of SrTiO₃. All Sr-contained implants showed sustainable Sr²⁺ release behavior. Meanwhile, the Sr²⁺ release rate was proportional to the Sr content. The in vitro immersing test showed that the apatite-forming ability on the implant surface was decreased with the increase of Sr content. Conversely, the cell experiments manifested that implants with high content of Sr were more favorable to cell spreading, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and extracellular matrix mineralization. The in vivo implant experiment revealed that Sr-incorporation could improve osseointegration, new bone formation and mineralization, and bone-implant bonding strength. In addition, Ti5Sr, which possessed a combined good osteogenic activity and apatite-forming ability, exhibited the best in vivo overall performance. In summary, we first put forward the competitive effect of osteogenic activity and apatite-forming ability on bone-implant osseointegration, which would provide a new strategy for implant design.

Keywords: Apatite-forming ability; Bone mineralization; Osseointegration; Osteogenic activity; Strontium.

MeSH terms

Apatites / pharmacology
Osseointegration*
Osteogenesis
Strontium* / pharmacology
Surface Properties

Substances

Apatites
Strontium