Rectal cancer is a great threat to the health of the Chinese people. With the continuous improvement of surgical treatment level, complication as an important indicator to measure the safety of surgery has received increasing attention from clinicians both at home and abroad. Although there are many studies on postoperative complications of rectal cancer, the morbidity of complication reported by related studies varies greatly. An important reason occurs in the limitations of retrospective research, such as incomplete medical records, unclear diagnostic criteria for some complications, incomplete follow-up records after discharge, and poor communication mechanisms among MDT members. Starting from a retrospective study on postoperative complications of rectal cancer and finding out the defects and problems in the registration of complications in each center, then clarifying the definition of various postoperative complications, so as to establish a sound and standardized registration system, and carry out prospective research, this path could be a reliable method to obtain relatively accurate postoperative complications of rectal cancer.
直肠癌是我国人民健康的巨大威胁。随着外科治疗水平的不断提高，并发症作为衡量手术安全性的重要指标，越来越受到国内外临床医生的重视。尽管有许多关于直肠癌术后并发症的研究，但汇报的并发症发生率差异较大，其中一个重要原因就在于回顾性研究本身具有的局限性，例如病历资料不完善、部分并发症诊断标准不明确或不统一、出院后随访记录信息不完善、MDT成员之间沟通机制不畅通等。从对直肠癌术后并发症回顾性研究中入手，找出各中心对于并发症管理登记存在的缺陷与问题，明确各项术后并发症的定义，建立健全直肠癌术后并发症规范化登记体系，开展前瞻性登记研究，此种路径可能是获得相对准确的直肠癌术后并发症发生情况的可靠方法。.
Keywords: Complications; Limitations; Rectal neoplasms; Retrospective study; Standardized registration.