Neurological involvement associated with COVID-19 disease: a study on psychosocial factors

Abstract

Background: Several people affected by COVID-19 experienced neurological manifestations, altered sleep quality, mood disorders, and disability following hospitalization for a long time.

Objective: To explore the impact of different neurological symptoms on sleep quality, mood, and disability in a consecutive series of patients previously hospitalized for COVID-19 disease.

Methods: We evaluated 83 patients with COVID-19 around 3 months after hospital discharge. They were divided into 3 groups according to their neurological involvement (i.e., mild, unspecific, or no neurological involvement). Socio-demographic, clinical data, disability level, emotional distress, and sleep quality were collected and compared between the three groups.

Results: We found that higher disability, depressive symptoms, and lower sleep quality in patients with mild neurological involvement compared to patients with unspecific and no neurological involvement. Differences between groups were also found for clinical variables related to COVID-19 severity.

Conclusion: After 3 months from hospital discharge, patients with more severe COVID-19 and mild neurological involvement experienced more psychosocial alterations than patients with unspecific or no neurological involvement. Both COVID-19 and neurological manifestations' severity should be considered in the clinical settings to plain tailored interventions for patients recovering from COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; HADS; Neurological manifestation; PSQI; WHODAS-12.