KIR copy number variations in dengue-infected patients from northeastern Thailand

Suwit Chaisri; Jyothi Jayaraman; Juthathip Mongkolsapaya; Thaniya Duangchinda; Amonrat Jumniansong; John Trowsdale; James A Traherne; Chanvit Leelayuwat

doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2022.01.005

KIR copy number variations in dengue-infected patients from northeastern Thailand

Hum Immunol. 2022 Apr;83(4):328-334. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.01.005. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

Authors

Suwit Chaisri¹, Jyothi Jayaraman², Juthathip Mongkolsapaya³, Thaniya Duangchinda⁴, Amonrat Jumniansong⁵, John Trowsdale², James A Traherne⁶, Chanvit Leelayuwat⁷

Affiliations

¹ Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM), Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand; The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
² Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom.
³ Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁴ Medical Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁵ The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen Thailand.
⁶ Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jat51@cam.ac.uk.
⁷ The Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: chanvit@kku.ac.th.

PMID: 35063258
DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.01.005

Abstract

Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a family of receptors expressed on Natural killer (NK) cells. The extensive polymorphism of KIR is involved in the immune responses of NK cells and influences dengue infections. We investigated the diversity of KIR copy numbers in dengue-infected patients from northeastern Thailand. Copy numbers of KIRs were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 137 dengue-infected patients, comprising 63 dengue fever (DF) and 74 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The distribution of KIRs was observed to be between 0 and 4 copies. The KIR AA genotype with heterozygous KIR2DS4D/WT was the most common in dengue patients, 25.4% DF and 23% DHF. Forty KIR profiles were determined in dengue patients, including 31 usual, 6 expanded, and 3 contracted profiles. Investigation of KIR copy number and dengue severity indicated that two copies of KIR2DL3 combined with HLA-C1C1 associated with an increased risk of DHF (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.159-4.624, P = 0.016), whereas one copy of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 together with HLA-C1C1 associated with a reduced risk of DHF (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.058-0.482, P < 0.001). The outcomes of this study will contribute to the understanding of KIR complexity and innate immune responses in dengue infections.

Keywords: Dengue fever; Dengue hemorrhagic fever; Dengue infection; Dengue severity; KIR copy number.

MeSH terms

DNA Copy Number Variations*
Dengue* / genetics
Genotype
HLA Antigens / genetics
Humans
Receptors, KIR / genetics
Thailand

Substances

HLA Antigens
Receptors, KIR