Synthesis and characterization of a new meso-tetrakis (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) porphyrinto) zinc(II) supported sodium alginate gel beads for improved adsorption of methylene blue dye

Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Mar 31:202:161-176. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.087. Epub 2022 Jan 16.

Abstract

Chemical modification of a biopolymer offers a simple strategy to realize new materials with added benefits. In this paper, meso-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) porphyrinto) zinc(II) supported sodium alginate gel beads were successfully prepared, characterized, and used for the removal of a cationic dye from aqueous solution. The chemical structure of the prepared composite beads was confirmed by FT-IR, SEM, XRD and TGA/DTG techniques. Analytical data suggested that the sodium alginate beads and meso-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) porphyrinto) zinc(II) complex interacted via non-covalent interaction (H-bonding) mode. The morphological micrographs showed spherical and smooth composite beads. The crosslinking of hydroxyl and carboxylate groups of the biopolymer with calcium ions and the incorporation of meso-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) porphyrinto) zinc(II) into alginate matrix resulted in a small decrease of residual mass. The maximum adsorption capacities of methylene blue, at 20 °C, were found to be 52.3 mg/g and 34.8 mg/g for sodium alginate composite beads (3%) and plain sodium alginate beads, respectively. The adsorption process followed Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics. The thermodynamic study displayed an exothermic and non-spontaneous process.

Keywords: Adsorption; Meso-tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) porphyrinto) zinc(II); Methylene blue; Sodium alginate.

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Alginates / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Methylene Blue* / chemistry
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical* / chemistry
  • Zinc

Substances

  • Alginates
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Zinc
  • Methylene Blue