Influence of increased nutrient availability on biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions and leaf anatomy of subarctic dwarf shrubs under climate warming and increased cloudiness

Flobert Ndah; Hanna Valolahti; Michelle Schollert; Anders Michelsen; Riikka Rinnan; Minna Kivimäenpää

doi:10.1093/aob/mcac004

Influence of increased nutrient availability on biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions and leaf anatomy of subarctic dwarf shrubs under climate warming and increased cloudiness

Ann Bot. 2022 Mar 23;129(4):443-455. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcac004.

Authors

Flobert Ndah¹, Hanna Valolahti^{2

3

4}, Michelle Schollert^{2

3

5}, Anders Michelsen^{2

3}, Riikka Rinnan^{2

3}, Minna Kivimäenpää^{1

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
² Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark.
³ Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K 1350, Denmark.
⁴ Ramboll, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland.
⁵ Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁶ Natural Resources Institute Finland, Juntintie 154, 77600 Suonenjoki, Finland.

Abstract

Background and aims: Climate change is subjecting subarctic ecosystems to elevated temperature, increased nutrient availability and reduced light availability (due to increasing cloud cover). This may affect subarctic vegetation by altering the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and leaf anatomy. We investigated the effects of increased nutrient availability on BVOC emissions and leaf anatomy of three subarctic dwarf shrub species, Empetrum hermaphroditum, Cassiope tetragona and Betula nana, and if increased nutrient availability modifies the responses to warming and shading.

Methods: Measurements of BVOCs were performed in situ in long-term field experiments in the Subarctic using a dynamic enclosure system and collection of BVOCs into adsorbent cartridges analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Leaf anatomy was studied using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Key results: Increased nutrient availability increased monoterpene emission rates and altered the emission profile of B. nana, and increased sesquiterpene and oxygenated monoterpene emissions of C. tetragona. Increased nutrient availability increased leaf tissue thicknesses of B. nana and C. tetragona, while it caused thinner epidermis and the highest fraction of functional (intact) glandular trichomes for E. hermaphroditum. Increased nutrient availability and warming synergistically increased mesophyll intercellular space of B. nana and glandular trichome density of C. tetragona, while treatments combining increased nutrient availability and shading had an opposite effect in C. tetragona.

Conclusions: Increased nutrient availability may enhance the protection capacity against biotic and abiotic stresses (especially heat and drought) in subarctic shrubs under future warming conditions as opposed to increased cloudiness, which could lead to decreased resistance. The study emphasizes the importance of changes in nutrient availability in the Subarctic, which can interact with climate warming and increased cloudiness effects.

Keywords: Betula nana; Cassiope tetragona; Empetrum hermaphroditum; Arctic; climate change; soil nutrients; temperature; terpenoid; tundra.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Climate Change
Ecosystem
Ericaceae* / physiology
Monoterpenes / analysis
Nutrients
Plant Leaves / physiology
Volatile Organic Compounds* / analysis

Substances

Monoterpenes
Volatile Organic Compounds