Highly Optimized Iron Oxide Embedded Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Effective Magnetic Hyperthermia and Biosecurity

Chiseon Ryu; Hwangjae Lee; Hohyeon Kim; Seong Hwang; Yaser Hadadian; Ayeskanta Mohanty; In-Kyu Park; Beongki Cho; Jungwon Yoon; Jae Young Lee

doi:10.2147/IJN.S344257

Highly Optimized Iron Oxide Embedded Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Effective Magnetic Hyperthermia and Biosecurity

Int J Nanomedicine. 2022 Jan 5:17:31-44. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S344257. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Chiseon Ryu¹, Hwangjae Lee¹, Hohyeon Kim², Seong Hwang¹, Yaser Hadadian^{2

3}, Ayeskanta Mohanty⁴, In-Kyu Park⁴, Beongki Cho¹, Jungwon Yoon^{2

3}, Jae Young Lee¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
² School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
³ Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Introduction: Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have attracted considerable attention for various biomedical applications owing to their ease of synthesis, strong magnetic properties, and biocompatibility. In particular, IONPs can generate heat under an alternating magnetic field, the effects of which have been extensively studied for magnetic hyperthermia therapy. However, the development of IONPs with high heating efficiency, biocompatibility, and colloidal stability in physiological environments is still required for their safe and effective application in biomedical fields.

Methods: We synthesized magnetic IONP/polymer nanocomposites (MNCs) by embedding IONPs in a poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) matrix via nanoemulsion. The IONP contents (Fe: 9-22 [w/w]%) in MNCs were varied to investigate their effects on the magnetic and hyperthermia performances based on their optimal interparticle interactions. Further, we explored the stability, cytocompatibility, biodistribution, and in vivo tissue compatibility of the MNCs.

Results: The MNCs showed enhanced heating efficiency with over two-fold increase compared to nonembedded bare IONPs. The relationship between the IONP content and heating performance in MNCs was nonmonotonous. The highest heating performance was obtained from MNC2, which contain 13% Fe (w/w), implying that interparticle interactions in MNCs can be optimized to achieve high heating performance. In addition, the MNCs exhibited good colloidal stability under physiological conditions and maintained their heating efficiency during 48 h of incubation in cell culture medium. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed excellent biocompatibility of the MNC.

Conclusion: Our nanocomposites, comprising biocompatible IONPs and PLA, display improved heating efficiency, good colloidal stability, and cytocompatibility, and thus will be beneficial for diverse biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment.

Keywords: hyperthermia; inter-particle interactions; iron oxide nanoparticle; nanomedicine.

MeSH terms

Biosecurity
Ferric Compounds
Hyperthermia, Induced*
Magnetic Fields
Nanocomposites*
Polyesters
Tissue Distribution

Substances

Ferric Compounds
Polyesters
ferric oxide
poly(lactide)